{"id":76757,"date":"2025-11-11T03:11:42","date_gmt":"2025-11-11T03:11:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/2025\/11\/11\/anime-studiose-faceieren-schwere-finanzielle-krise\/"},"modified":"2025-11-11T03:12:50","modified_gmt":"2025-11-11T03:12:50","slug":"anime-studiose-faceieren-schwere-finanzielle-krise","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/de\/2025\/11\/11\/anime-studiose-faceieren-schwere-finanzielle-krise\/","title":{"rendered":"Anime-Studiose faceieren schwere finanzielle Krise"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"key-takeaways\"><h3>Das Wichtigste in K\u00fcrze<\/h3><p>Mit KI erstellt - wir experimentieren noch damit! Entschuldigung, falls es nicht ganz Ihren Erwartungen entspricht.<\/p><ul><li style=\"margin-bottom: 8px;\">In Japan sind finanzielle Instabilit\u00e4ten in den Animationsproduktionsstudios h\u00e4ufig. Zwischen Januar und September des Jahres 2025 gab es acht Schlie\u00dfungen oder Konkursanmeldungen.<\/li><li style=\"margin-bottom: 8px;\">Die wachsende Beliebtheit von Anime auf globaler Ebene hat dazu gef\u00fchrt, dass die Nachfrage nach Produktionen erh\u00f6ht wurde. Allerdings bedingt der abnehmende Heimatpersonalbedarf eine internationale Besch\u00e4ftigung von Talenten, was die Kosten steigert, weil die Schw\u00e4che des Yens dazu f\u00fchrt.<\/li><li style=\"margin-bottom: 8px;\">Gro\u00dfe Unternehmen wie Sony&#039;s Aniplex erwerben Vertriebs- und Produktionsrechte, behalten dabei einen gro\u00dfen Teil des Umsatzes bei, w\u00e4hrend kleinere Studios wirtschaftlich angeschlagen sind.<\/li><li style=\"margin-bottom: 8px;\">Studios wie Studio Mappa, die f\u00fcr Chainsaw Man bekannt sind, werden selbst finanziert, aber auch mit Risiken konfrontiert, die mit Produktionskosten und einem m\u00f6glichen finanziellen Instabilit\u00e4tsrisiko einhergehen, trotz hoher Nachfrage nach ihrer Arbeit.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><br \/>\n<h3>Recommended products<\/h3><p class=\"aws-affiliate-disclaimer\">This page contains affiliate links. As an Amazon Associate, we earn a commission from purchases made through these links.<\/p><div class=\"aws-product-grid\"><div class=\"aws-product-card\"><div class=\"aws-discount-badge\">-25%<\/div><div class=\"aws-product-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Funko-Pop-Premium-Kyojuro-Rengoku\/dp\/B0D98TZ8K6\/ref=sr_1_1?tag=playersforlif-20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/m.media-amazon.com\/images\/I\/7143MizjAiL._AC_SX679_.jpg\" alt=\"Funko\" title=\"\"><\/a><\/div><div class=\"aws-product-content\"><h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Funko-Pop-Premium-Kyojuro-Rengoku\/dp\/B0D98TZ8K6\/ref=sr_1_1?tag=playersforlif-20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Funko<\/a><\/h4><div class=\"aws-product-prices\"><span class=\"aws-original-price\">$19.99<\/span><span class=\"aws-discounted-price\">$14.99<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"aws-product-card\"><div class=\"aws-product-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Funko-POP-Animation-Slayer-Tanjiro\/dp\/B083MC39H5\/ref=sr_1_2?tag=playersforlif-20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/m.media-amazon.com\/images\/I\/71A-Xpn8P0L._AC_SX679_.jpg\" alt=\"Funko\" title=\"\"><\/a><\/div><div class=\"aws-product-content\"><h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Funko-POP-Animation-Slayer-Tanjiro\/dp\/B083MC39H5\/ref=sr_1_2?tag=playersforlif-20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Funko<\/a><\/h4><div class=\"aws-product-prices\"><span class=\"aws-current-price\">$14.77<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"aws-product-card\"><div class=\"aws-discount-badge\">-27%<\/div><div class=\"aws-product-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Funko-Pop-Collectible-Toy-Figure\/dp\/B0CNCZTNJF\/ref=sr_1_3?tag=playersforlif-20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/m.media-amazon.com\/images\/I\/619j2mPKTZL._AC_SX679_.jpg\" alt=\"Funko POP! Animation - CSM - Chainsaw Man - 1\/6 Odds for Rare Chase Variant - Bloody - Collectable Vinyl Figure - Gift Idea - Official Merchandise - for Kids &amp; Adults - Anime Fans\" title=\"\"><\/a><\/div><div class=\"aws-product-content\"><h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Funko-Pop-Collectible-Toy-Figure\/dp\/B0CNCZTNJF\/ref=sr_1_3?tag=playersforlif-20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Funko POP! Animation - CSM - Chainsaw Man - 1\/6 Odds for Rare Chase Variant - Bloody - Collectable Vinyl Figure - Gift Idea - Official Merchandise - for Kids &amp; Adults - Anime Fans<\/a><\/h4><div class=\"aws-product-prices\"><span class=\"aws-original-price\">$14.99<\/span><span class=\"aws-discounted-price\">$10.99<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"aws-product-card\"><div class=\"aws-product-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Chainsaw-Stickers-Cartoon-Scrapbooking-Journaling\/dp\/B0FPKRYWP4\/ref=sr_1_2?tag=playersforlif-20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/m.media-amazon.com\/images\/I\/81TVXoSuqoL._AC_SX679_.jpg\" alt=\"Chainsaw Man Stickers for Kids,50PCS Chainsaw Man Stickers,Hot Cartoon Anime Vinyl Sticker for Water Bottle Laptop Phone Scrapbooking Journaling for Adults Teens for Party Supply Favor Decor\" title=\"\"><\/a><\/div><div class=\"aws-product-content\"><h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Chainsaw-Stickers-Cartoon-Scrapbooking-Journaling\/dp\/B0FPKRYWP4\/ref=sr_1_2?tag=playersforlif-20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Chainsaw Man Stickers for Kids,50PCS Chainsaw Man Stickers,Hot Cartoon Anime Vinyl Sticker for Water Bottle Laptop Phone Scrapbooking Journaling for Adults Teens for Party Supply Favor Decor<\/a><\/h4><div class=\"aws-product-prices\"><span class=\"aws-current-price\">$6.99<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n        <style>\n            .aws-affiliate-disclaimer {\n                font-size: 13px;\n                color: #666;\n                margin: 4px 0 16px 0;\n            }\n\n            .aws-product-grid {\n                display: grid;\n                grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);\n                gap: 20px;\n                margin: 20px 0;\n            }\n            \n            .aws-product-card {\n                border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;\n                border-radius: 8px;\n                overflow: hidden;\n                background: #fff;\n                box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);\n                transition: transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;\n                position: relative;\n            }\n            \n            .aws-product-card:hover {\n                transform: translateY(-2px);\n                box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);\n            }\n            \n            .aws-discount-badge {\n                position: absolute;\n                top: 10px;\n                right: 10px;\n                background: #ff4444;\n                color: white;\n                padding: 4px 8px;\n                border-radius: 4px;\n                font-size: 12px;\n                font-weight: bold;\n                z-index: 2;\n            }\n            \n            .aws-product-image {\n                width: 100%;\n                height: 200px;\n                overflow: hidden;\n                background: #f5f5f5;\n            }\n            \n            .aws-product-image img {\n                width: 100%;\n                height: 100%;\n                object-fit: contain;\n                transition: transform 0.2s ease;\n            }\n            \n            .aws-product-image:hover img {\n                transform: scale(1.05);\n            }\n            \n            .aws-product-image a {\n                display: block;\n                width: 100%;\n                height: 100%;\n            }\n            \n            .aws-product-content {\n                padding: 15px;\n            }\n            \n            .aws-product-content h4 {\n                margin: 0 0 10px 0;\n                font-size: 16px;\n                line-height: 1.3;\n            }\n            \n            .aws-product-content h4 a {\n                color: #333;\n                text-decoration: none;\n                transition: color 0.2s ease;\n            }\n            \n            .aws-product-content h4 a:hover {\n                color: #0073aa;\n            }\n            \n            .aws-product-prices {\n                display: flex;\n                align-items: center;\n                gap: 8px;\n                font-weight: bold;\n            }\n            \n            .aws-original-price {\n                text-decoration: line-through;\n                color: #999;\n                font-size: 14px;\n            }\n            \n            .aws-discounted-price {\n                color: #ff4444;\n                font-size: 16px;\n            }\n            \n            .aws-current-price {\n                color: #333;\n                font-size: 16px;\n            }\n            \n            \/* Tablet styles - 2 columns *\/\n            @media (max-width: 768px) {\n                .aws-product-grid {\n                    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);\n                    gap: 15px;\n                }\n                \n                .aws-product-image {\n                    height: 180px;\n                }\n            }\n            \n            \/* Mobile styles - 1 column *\/\n            @media (max-width: 480px) {\n                .aws-product-grid {\n                    grid-template-columns: 1fr;\n                    gap: 15px;\n                }\n                \n                .aws-product-image {\n                    height: 220px;\n                }\n                \n                .aws-product-content {\n                    padding: 12px;\n                }\n            }\n        <\/style><\/p>\n<p>Japanische Anime-Studios k\u00e4mpfen mit bedrohlichen finanziellen Herausforderungen. Zwischen Januar und September des Jahres 2025 schlossen oder meldeten sich acht Studios insolvent. Laut CBR ist die Situation jedoch noch kritischer, denn viele kleinere Studios sowie selbstst\u00e4ndige Animatorinnen und -animatoren verschwinden ohne offiziellen Nachweis \u2013 manche sollen weder ihre Basisverpflegung bezahlen k\u00f6nnen. Die zunehmende Weltr\u00fcckenschaft von Anime hat mehr Nachfrage erzeugt, doch die abnehmende lokale Arbeitskraft in Japan veranlasst die Studios dazu, Talente international einzustellen. Der schwache Yen hat die Bezahlkosten erh\u00f6ht und damit das Projektnutzen eingeschr\u00e4nkt, w\u00e4hrend viele Studios dadurch auf direkte Einnahmen angewiesen sind, um k\u00fcnftige Projekte zu finanzieren. Gro\u00dfkonzerne wie Sony&#8217;s Aniplex behalten die meisten Gewinne durch die Erwerbung von Vertriebs- und Produktionsrechten bei sich. Dadurch werden Studios, die an den arbeitsintensiven Arbeiten beteiligt sind, wirtschaftlich schw\u00e4cher; beispielsweise hat Aniplex das Demon Slayer: Infinity Castle von Ufotable produziert. Studio Mappa hingegen finanziert seine Anime-Produktionen selbstst\u00e4ndig und \u00fcbernimmt dabei alle Risiken. W\u00e4hrend sich Anime auf Popularit\u00e4t zunimmt, operieren viele andere Studios bei v\u00f6ller Auslastung am Rand des Konkurses, was die Instabilit\u00e4t innerhalb der Branche hervorhebt.<\/p>\n<h2>Falls Sie es verpasst haben<\/h2>\n<p>Im Final Fantasy-Universum hat Carlos Mendoza k\u00fcrzlich ein aufschlussreiches Artikel ver\u00f6ffentlicht, der unter dem Titel &#8218;FF7 Rebirth begr\u00fc\u00dft Neuestes Update mit hochgefragten Funktionen f\u00fcr PC&#8216; erschienen ist und die Weise er\u00f6rtert, wie das neueste Update Stabilit\u00e4t \u00fcber alle Plattformen verbessert und W\u00fcnschen von Fans entspricht. Dieser Artikel wurde am 5. November ver\u00f6ffentlicht und ist ein absolutes Musslesen f\u00fcr jeder, der sich auf das k\u00fcnftige FF7 halten m\u00f6chte <a href=\"undefined\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">undefined<\/a>. Gleichzeitig hat Marcus Thompson sich in seinem Artikel &#8218;Oblivion: Remaster ist dieses Jahr der erfolgreichste Wiedereinstieg&#8216; mit der \u00fcberraschenden Erfolgsgeschichte von Oblivion: Remaster befasst, der am 4. November ver\u00f6ffentlicht wurde. Im Artikel bezieht sich Thompson auf die Studie von Ampere Analysis zu Spielwiedereintritten und offenbart, wie Neuver\u00f6ffentlichungen h\u00e4ufig finanziell erfolgreicher als \u00dcberarbeitungen sind, aber Oblivion&#8217;s Remaster ist eine erstaunliche Ausnahme <a href=\"undefined\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">undefined<\/a>. Und in spannender Nachricht aus Nintendo erforscht Carlos Mendoza ihre neueste Strategie f\u00fcr cinematographische Dominanz in seinem Artikel &#8218;Nintendo strebt nach konstanter Ver\u00f6ffentlichungsrate an Filmen&#8216;, der am 7. November ver\u00f6ffentlicht wurde. Hier finden Sie eine tiefgehende Untersuchung von Nintendo&#8217;s Pl\u00e4nen, um sein Gesch\u00e4ft zu st\u00e4rken und mehr Freude f\u00fcr Fans durch konstanten Filmver\u00f6ffentlichungen zu schaffen <a href=\"undefined\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">undefined<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"width: 100%\" src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/Ic7bS8kG0lE\/maxresdefault.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Die weltweite Popularit\u00e4t von Animes hat zahlreichen japanischen Animationsstudios eine finanzielle Schwierigkeit bereitet, da sie hohe Kosten und einen abnehmenden lokalen Arbeitskr\u00e4ftebestand zu verzeichnen hatten, was zur Folge hatte, dass sie internationale Rekrutierung notwendig wurden, aber auch neue Herausforderungen wie der Schwachlauf des Yen.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":76748,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","movie_schema":"","tvshow_schema":"","videogame_schema":"","meta_description":"Japanische Animationsstudios k\u00e4mpfen mit finanziellen Schwierigkeiten trotz steigender Popularit\u00e4t von Anime wie Demon Slayer und Chainsaw Man","meta_keywords":"anime, finanzen, studios, krise, insolvenz","meta_author":"Franco Muller","meta_robots":"index, follow","meta_language":"en","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_title":"\"Anime-Studios k\u00e4mpfen um \u00dcberleben trotz Popularit\u00e4t","twitter_description":"Erfahren Sie mehr \u00fcber die Krise von Anime-Studios: Eine erschreckende Entwicklung in der Branche","twitter_site":"","twitter_site_id":"","twitter_creator":"","twitter_creator_id":"","twitter_image":"https:\/\/assetsio.gnwcdn.com\/Demon-Slayer_6yt0M2n.jpg","twitter_image_alt":"","twitter_app_name_iphone":"","twitter_app_id_iphone":"","twitter_app_url_iphone":"","twitter_app_name_ipad":"","twitter_app_id_ipad":"","twitter_app_url_ipad":"","twitter_app_name_googleplay":"","twitter_app_id_googleplay":"","twitter_app_url_googleplay":"","twitter_player":"","twitter_player_width":0,"twitter_player_height":0,"twitter_player_stream":"","og_title":"\"Anime-Studios k\u00e4mpfen um \u00dcberleben trotz Popularit\u00e4t","og_type":"article","og_url":"https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/de\/2025\/11\/11\/anime-studiose-faceieren-schwere-finanzielle-krise\/","og_image":"https:\/\/assetsio.gnwcdn.com\/Demon-Slayer_6yt0M2n.jpg","og_image_secure_url":"https:\/\/assetsio.gnwcdn.com\/Demon-Slayer_6yt0M2n.jpg","og_image_type":"image\/jpeg","og_image_width":0,"og_image_height":0,"og_image_alt":"","og_description":"Erfahren Sie mehr \u00fcber die Krise von Anime-Studios: Eine erschreckende Entwicklung in der Branche","og_site_name":"PlayersForLife.com","og_locale":"en_US","og_article_published_time":"2025-11-11T03:12:42","og_article_modified_time":"2025-11-11T03:12:42","og_article_author":"Franco Muller","og_article_section":"Business","og_article_tag":["Adventure"],"og_video":"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/qR8yteSZiNg","og_video_secure_url":"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/qR8yteSZiNg","og_video_type":"","og_video_width":0,"og_video_height":0,"og_audio":"","og_audio_secure_url":"","og_audio_type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[33],"tags":[42,43,44,45],"class_list":["post-76757","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-business","tag-action","tag-adventure","tag-fighting","tag-mixed"],"lang":"de","original_post_id":null,"featured_image_urls":{"full":["https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image_2025-11-Nov-10-2025_22-11-05.jpg",1200,675,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image_2025-11-Nov-10-2025_22-11-05-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image_2025-11-Nov-10-2025_22-11-05-300x169.jpg",300,169,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image_2025-11-Nov-10-2025_22-11-05-768x432.jpg",768,432,true],"large":["https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image_2025-11-Nov-10-2025_22-11-05-1024x576.jpg",1024,576,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image_2025-11-Nov-10-2025_22-11-05.jpg",1200,675,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image_2025-11-Nov-10-2025_22-11-05.jpg",1200,675,false],"penci-single-full":["https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image_2025-11-Nov-10-2025_22-11-05.jpg",1200,675,false],"penci-slider-full-thumb":["https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image_2025-11-Nov-10-2025_22-11-05.jpg",1200,675,false],"penci-full-thumb":["https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image_2025-11-Nov-10-2025_22-11-05-1170x658.jpg",1170,658,true],"penci-slider-thumb":["https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image_2025-11-Nov-10-2025_22-11-05-1170x663.jpg",1170,663,true],"penci-magazine-slider":["https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image_2025-11-Nov-10-2025_22-11-05-780x516.jpg",780,516,true],"penci-thumb":["https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image_2025-11-Nov-10-2025_22-11-05-585x390.jpg",585,390,true],"penci-masonry-thumb":["https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image_2025-11-Nov-10-2025_22-11-05-585x329.jpg",585,329,true],"penci-thumb-square":["https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image_2025-11-Nov-10-2025_22-11-05-585x585.jpg",585,585,true],"penci-thumb-vertical":["https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image_2025-11-Nov-10-2025_22-11-05-480x650.jpg",480,650,true],"penci-thumb-small":["https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image_2025-11-Nov-10-2025_22-11-05-263x175.jpg",263,175,true],"penci-recipe-1200x1200":["https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image_2025-11-Nov-10-2025_22-11-05.jpg",1200,675,false],"penci-recipe-1200x900":["https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image_2025-11-Nov-10-2025_22-11-05.jpg",1200,675,false],"penci-recipe-1200x675":["https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image_2025-11-Nov-10-2025_22-11-05.jpg",1200,675,false]},"author_info":{"info":["Franco M\u00fcller Franco M\u00fcller"]},"category_info":"<a href=\"https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/category\/business\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Business<\/a>","tag_info":"Business","comment_count":"0","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76757","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=76757"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76757\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":76758,"href":"https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76757\/revisions\/76758"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/76748"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=76757"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=76757"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/playersforlife.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=76757"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}